Zikafika pakupanga nkhungu za botolo, chinthu choyamba chomwe anthu amaganiza ndi nkhungu yoyambirira, nkhungu, nkhungu pakamwa ndi nkhungu yapansi.Ngakhale kuti mutu wowomba ndi membala wa banja la nkhungu, chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa komanso mtengo wake wotsika mtengo, ndi wamng'ono wa banja la nkhungu ndipo sichinakope chidwi cha anthu.Ngakhale kuti mutu wowomba ndi wochepa, ntchito yake siingathe kuchepetsedwa.Ili ndi ntchito yotchuka.Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane:
Ndi mpweya ungati mu chowuzira chimodzi?
Monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira, ntchito ya mutu wowomba ndikuwomba mpweya woponderezedwa kuti ukhale wopanda kanthu kuti ufufuze ndi kupanga, koma kuti ugwirizane ndi mutu wowomba wa thermobottle, zingwe zingapo za mpweya zimawomberedwa mkati ndi kunja, onani. Chithunzi 1.
Kujambula botolo lagalasi
Tiyeni tiwone mtundu wa mpweya womwe uli munjira yowuzira:
1. Kuwombera Komaliza: Kuwombera maziko oyambirira a nkhungu kuti mukhale pafupi ndi makoma anayi ndi pansi pa nkhungu, ndipo potsiriza pangani mawonekedwe a botolo la thermo;
2. Kutulutsa kuchokera mu nkhungu: Kutulutsa mpweya kuchokera mkati mwa botolo lotentha kupita kunja kupyolera mumpata pakati pa pakamwa pa botolo ndi chitoliro chowombera, ndiyeno kupyolera mu mbale yotulutsa mpweya kuti mutulutse kutentha mu botolo lotentha mpaka kunja. wa makina kuti akwaniritse Kuziziritsa mu thermos kumapanga mpweya wozizira wamkati (Kuzizira Kwamkati) wa thermos, ndipo kuziziritsa kozizira kumeneku ndikofunikira makamaka pakuwomba & kuwomba;
3. Zimalumikizidwa mwachindunji kukamwa kwa botolo kuchokera kumalo owombera abwino.Mpweya uwu ndi woteteza pakamwa pa botolo kuti lisawonongeke.Amatchedwa Equalizing Air mu makampani;
4. Kumapeto kwa mutu wowomba nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi kabowo kakang'ono kapena kabowo kakang'ono, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mpweya (Vent) pakamwa pa botolo;
5. Motsogozedwa ndi mphamvu yowomba bwino, chopanda kanthu chomwe chimatuluka chimakhala pafupi ndi nkhungu.Panthawi imeneyi, mpweya mu danga pakati akusowekapo ndi nkhungu kufinyidwa ndi kudutsa nkhungu a utsi dzenje kapena zingalowe ejector.kunja (Nkhungu Vented) kuteteza mpweya kulenga mpweya khushoni mu danga ndi kuchepetsa kupanga liwiro.
Zotsatirazi ndizolemba zochepa pa kudya kofunikira ndi kutha.
2. Kukhathamiritsa kwa kuwomba kwabwino:
Nthawi zambiri anthu amafunsa kuti awonjezere liwiro komanso mphamvu zamakina, ndipo yankho losavuta ndilakuti: ingowonjezerani kukakamiza kwa kuwomba kwabwino ndipo kumatha kuthetsedwa.
Koma sizili choncho.Ngati tikuwomba mpweya ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kuyambira pachiyambi, chifukwa choyamba nkhungu chopanda kanthu sichimakhudzana ndi khoma la nkhungu panthawi ino, ndipo pansi pa nkhungu sichigwira kanthu.Chosowacho chimapanga mphamvu yaikulu, yomwe idzawononge zowonongeka.Choncho, kuwomba kwabwino kukayamba, kuyenera kuwomberedwa ndi mpweya wochepa wa mpweya poyamba, kuti nkhungu yoyambirira iwonongeke ndikuyandikira khoma ndi pansi pa nkhungu.mpweya, kupanga kuziziritsa utsi wozungulira mu thermos.Njira yokhathamiritsa ili motere: .
1 Kumayambiriro kwa kuwomba kwabwino, kuwomba kwabwinoko kumaphulitsa pomwe palibe kanthu kenaka kumamatira ku khoma la nkhungu.Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wochepa (mwachitsanzo 1.2kg/cm²) kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi, yomwe imakhala pafupifupi 30% ya nthawi yabwino yowomba,
2. Mu gawo lomaliza, nthawi yozizira yamkati ya thermos ikuchitika.Mpweya wowomba wabwino ukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kuthamanga kwa mpweya (monga 2.6kg/cm²), ndipo kugawa panthawiyi ndi pafupifupi 70%.Pamene mukuwomba kuthamanga kwambiri mu mpweya wa thermos, pamene mukutuluka kunja kwa makina kuti muzizire.
Njira ziwirizi zokometsera zowomba bwino sizimangotsimikizira kupangidwa kwa thermobottle powombera chopanda kanthu, komanso kutulutsa kutentha kwa thermobottle mu nkhungu kupita kunja kwa makinawo.
Maziko Atatu Ongoyerekeza Kulimbitsa Kutulutsa kwa Mabotolo Otentha
Anthu ena adzafunsa kuti awonjezere liwiro, bola ngati mpweya wozizira ukhoza kuwonjezeka?
Ndipotu si choncho.Tikudziwa kuti chikombole choyambirira chikaikidwa mu nkhungu, kutentha kwake kwamkati kumakhalabe kokwera pafupifupi 1160 ° C [1], komwe kuli pafupifupi kofanana ndi kutentha kwa gob.Choncho, kuti muwonjezere liwiro la makina, kuwonjezera pa kuwonjezereka kwa mpweya wozizira, m'pofunikanso kutulutsa kutentha mkati mwa thermos, yomwe ndi imodzi mwa makiyi olepheretsa kusinthika kwa thermos ndikuwonjezera liwiro la kutentha. makinawo.
Malingana ndi kafukufuku ndi kafukufuku wa kampani yoyambirira ya Emhart, kutentha kwa kutentha pa malo opangirako ndi motere: kutentha kwa nkhungu kumaphatikizapo 42% (Kutumizidwa ku nkhungu), kutsika kwa kutentha kwapansi kumawerengera 16% (Pansi Plate), Kuwomba kwabwino kwa kutentha kwapakati kumakhala 22% (Panthawi Yomaliza), convection The heat dissipation account for 13% (convective), ndipo mkati mwa kuzizira kutentha dissipation account for 7% (Internal Cooling) [2].
Ngakhale kuziziritsa kwamkati ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wowomba wabwino kumangotengera 7%, vuto limakhala pakuzizira kwa kutentha mu thermos.Kugwiritsa ntchito kuzungulira kwa kuziziritsa mkati ndi njira yokhayo, ndipo njira zina zoziziritsira zimakhala zovuta kusintha.Kuziziritsa kumeneku kumakhala kothandiza makamaka pamabotolo othamanga kwambiri komanso okhuthala.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku woyambirira wa kampani ya Emhart, ngati kutentha komwe kumachokera ku thermos kumatha kuwonjezeka ndi 130%, kuthekera kowonjezera kuthamanga kwa makina ndikupitilira 10% malinga ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a botolo.(Choyambirira: Mayeso ndi zofananira za Emhart Glass Research Center (EGRC) zatsimikizira kuti kutentha kwa chidebe chamkati cha galasi kungaonjezeke mpaka 130%. Kutengera mtundu wa chidebe cha galasi, kuwonjezereka kwakukulu kumatsimikiziridwa. liwiro liwonjezeke kuthekera kopitilira 10%.) [2].Zitha kuwoneka momwe kuziziritsa mu thermos kuli kofunika!
Kodi ndingatulutse bwanji kutentha kochulukirapo kuchokera ku thermos?
Bowo lotulutsa mpweya limapangidwira kuti wogwiritsa ntchito makina a botolo asinthe kukula kwa gasi wotulutsa mpweya.Ndi mbale yozungulira yokhala ndi mabowo 5-7 amitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe amabowoleredwa pamenepo ndikukhazikika pamutu wowombera mutu kapena mutu wa mpweya wokhala ndi zomangira.Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha kukula kwa dzenje lolowera potengera kukula, mawonekedwe ndi kupanga botolo la chinthucho.
2 Malinga ndi kufotokozera pamwambapa, kukhathamiritsa nthawi yozizira (Kuzizira Kwamkati) pakuwomba kwabwino kumatha kukulitsa kupanikizika kwa mpweya woponderezedwa ndikuwongolera liwiro ndi zotsatira za kuziziritsa kwa utsi.
3 Yesani kukulitsa nthawi yowomba bwino pa nthawi yamagetsi,
4 Pakuwomba mpweya, mpweya umazunguliridwa kuti uwongolere luso lake kapena kugwiritsa ntchito “mpweya wozizira” kuti uwombe, ndi zina zotero. Amene ali ndi luso pa ntchitoyi amafufuza mosalekeza umisiri watsopano.
Samalani:
Mu njira yopondereza & kuwomba, popeza nkhonyayo imakhomeredwa mwachindunji mumadzimadzi agalasi, nkhonyayo imakhala ndi kuzizira kwamphamvu, ndipo kutentha kwa khoma lamkati la thermos kwachepetsedwa kwambiri, pafupifupi pansi pa 900 ° C [1].Pankhaniyi, si vuto la kuziziritsa ndi kutentha kutentha, koma kusunga kutentha mu thermos, kotero chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira mabotolo.
4. Kutalika konse kwa botolo lowongolera
Powona mutuwu, anthu ena adzafunsa kuti kutalika kwa botolo la galasi ndi kufa + nkhungu, zomwe zikuwoneka kuti sizikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi mutu wowomba.Ndipotu sizili choncho.Wopanga botolo adakumana nazo: mutu wowomba ukawomba mpweya pakati ndi usiku, thermos yofiyira imakwera m'mwamba pansi pa mpweya woponderezedwa, ndipo mtunda wakuyenda uku umasintha botolo lagalasi.kutalika kwa.Panthawiyi, ndondomeko ya kutalika kwa botolo la galasi iyenera kusinthidwa kukhala: Mold + Molding + Distance kuchokera ku botolo lotentha.Kutalika konse kwa botolo la galasi kumatsimikiziridwa mosamalitsa ndi kulolerana kwakuya kwa nkhope yomaliza ya mutu wowomba.Kutalika kumatha kupitirira muyezo.
Pali mfundo ziwiri zofunika kuziganizira popanga:
1. Mutu wowombera umavala ndi botolo lotentha.Pamene nkhungu ikukonzedwa, nthawi zambiri zimawoneka kuti pali zozungulira za botolo zooneka ngati botolo pamutu wamkati wa nkhungu.Ngati chizindikirocho ndi chakuya kwambiri, chidzakhudza kutalika kwa botolo (botolo lidzakhala lalitali), onani Chithunzi 3 kumanzere.Samalani kulamulira kulolerana pokonza.Kampani ina imayendetsa mphete (Stopper Ring) mkati mwake, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo kapena zinthu zopanda zitsulo, ndipo imasinthidwa nthawi zonse kuti iwonetsetse kutalika kwa botolo lagalasi.
Mutu wowomba mobwerezabwereza umasunthira mmwamba ndi pansi pamtunda wapamwamba kuti usindikize pa nkhungu, ndipo mapeto a mutu wowomba amavala kwa nthawi yaitali, zomwe zidzakhudzanso mosadziwika kutalika kwa botolo.Moyo wautumiki, onetsetsani kutalika kwa botolo lagalasi.
5. Ubale pakati pa kuwomba mutu ndi nthawi yofananira
Nthawi yamagetsi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina amakono opanga mabotolo, ndipo mutu wa mpweya ndi kuwomba koyenera kumalumikizana ndi zochitika zina:
1 Kuwombera komaliza
Nthawi yotsegulira yowomba bwino iyenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe a botolo lagalasi.Kutsegula kwa kuwomba kwabwino ndi 5-10 ° mochedwa kuposa momwe mukuwomba mutu.
Mutu wowomba uli ndi mphamvu yokhazikika ya botolo
Pamakina ena akale opangira mabotolo, kutsekeka kwa chibayo pakutsegula ndi kutseka kwa nkhungu sikwabwino, ndipo botolo lotentha limagwedezeka kumanzere ndi kumanja nkhungu ikatsegulidwa.Tikhoza kudula mpweya pansi pa mutu wa mpweya pamene nkhungu imatsegulidwa, koma mpweya pamutu wa mpweya sunatsegulidwe.Panthawiyi, mutu wa mpweya umakhalabe pa nkhungu, ndipo nkhungu ikatsegulidwa, imatulutsa kukangana pang'ono ndi mutu wa mpweya.mphamvu, yomwe ingathandize kuthandizira kutseguka kwa nkhungu ndi kubisala.Nthawi yake ndi: mutu wa mpweya uli pafupi 10 ° mochedwa kuposa kutsegula nkhungu.
Kuyika kasanu ndi kawiri kwa kutalika kwa mutu wowomba
Tikayika mutu wa gasi, ntchito yayikulu ndi:
1 Chikombole chikatsekedwa, sikutheka kuti mutu wa mpweya umire pamene bulaketi yamutu yowomba mpweya ikugwedezeka.Kusakwanira bwino nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kusiyana pakati pa mutu wa mpweya ndi nkhungu.
2 Chikombole chikatsegulidwa, kumenya mutu wowomba kumapangitsa kuti mutu wowomba utsike kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mutu wowomba komanso nkhungu itsindike.Zotsatira zake, makinawo amafulumizitsa kuvala kapena kuwononga nkhungu.Pa makina opangira mabotolo a gob, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma blowheads apadera (Set-up Blowheads), omwe ndi amfupi kuposa mutu wamba wapamutu (Thamangani Blowheads), pafupifupi ziro mpaka kuchotsera zero.8 mm.Kuyika kwa kutalika kwa mutu wa mpweya kuyenera kuganiziridwa molingana ndi zinthu zambiri monga kukula, mawonekedwe ndi kupanga njira ya mankhwala.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mutu wa gasi:
1 Kukhazikitsa mwachangu kumapulumutsa nthawi,
2 Kuyika kwa njira yamakina, yomwe imagwirizana komanso yokhazikika,
3 Zosintha zofananira zimachepetsa zolakwika,
4 Ikhoza kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa makina opangira mabotolo ndi nkhungu.
Zindikirani kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito mutu wa gasi pakukhazikitsa, payenera kukhala zizindikiro zoonekeratu, monga utoto wodziwikiratu kapena zojambulidwa ndi manambala okopa maso, ndi zina zambiri, kuti mupewe kusokonezeka ndi mutu wamba wa gasi ndikupangitsa kutayika mutayikidwa molakwika pa botolo. makina opanga.
8. Kuwongolera mutu wowomba usanayikidwe pamakina
Mutu wowomba umaphatikizapo kuwomba kwabwino (Final Blow), mpweya wozizira (Exhaust Air), kuwomba mutu kumapeto kwa nkhope (Vent) ndi mpweya wofanana (Equalizing Air) panthawi yowomba bwino.Mapangidwewo ndi ovuta kwambiri komanso ofunika, ndipo n'zovuta kuziwona ndi maso.Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutatha kuphulika kwatsopano kapena kukonzanso, ndibwino kuti muyese ndi zipangizo zapadera kuti muwone ngati mapaipi olowetsa ndi kutuluka a njira iliyonse ndi yosalala, kuti atsimikizire kuti zotsatira zake zikufika pamtengo wapatali.Makampani akunja ali ndi zida zapadera zotsimikizira.Titha kupanganso chipangizo choyezera mutu wa gasi molingana ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, zomwe zimakhala zothandiza kwambiri.Ngati ogwira nawo ntchito ali ndi chidwi ndi izi, atha kunena za patent [4]: NJIRA NDI ZOCHITIKA ZOTSATIRA ZOPHUNZIRA ZOPHUNZITSIRA PABWINO PA intaneti.
9 Zowonongeka zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mutu wa gasi
Zowonongeka chifukwa cha kusakhazikika bwino kwa nkhonya ndi mutu:
1 Chotsani Kumaliza
Kuwonekera: Kukamwa kwa botolo kumatuluka (kutuluka), chifukwa: mpweya wokwanira wa mutu womwe ukuwomba umatsekeka kapena sukugwira ntchito.
2 Malo Osindikizira Ophwanyika
Maonekedwe: Ming'alu yozama pamwamba pa kamwa la botolo, chifukwa: Kumapeto kwa mkati kwa mutu wowomba kumavala kwambiri, ndipo botolo lotentha limasunthira mmwamba pamene likuwomba, ndipo amayamba chifukwa cha kugunda.
3 Khosi Lopindika
Magwiridwe: Khosi la botolo ndilokhazikika osati lolunjika.Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti mutu wowomba mpweya siwosalala kuti uthetse kutentha ndipo kutentha sikumatulutsidwa, ndipo botolo lotentha limakhala lofewa komanso lopunduka litatha kutsekedwa.
4 Chotsani chizindikiro cha Chitoliro
Zizindikiro: Pakhoma lamkati la khosi la botolo pali zokala.Chifukwa: Musanawombe, chitoliro chowombacho chimakhudza chizindikiro cha chitoliro chomwe chili mkati mwa khoma la botolo.
5 Osaphulitsidwa Thupi
Zizindikiro: Kusapanga bwino kwa thupi la botolo.Zoyambitsa: Kusakwanira kwa mpweya wokwanira kapena nthawi yochepa kwambiri yowomba bwino, kutsekeka kwa utsi kapena kusintha kosayenera kwa mabowo otulutsa mpweya.
6 Osaphulitsidwa Mapewa
Magwiridwe: Botolo lagalasi silinapangidwe mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapewa a botolo asinthe.Zifukwa: kuzizira kosakwanira mu botolo lotentha, kutsekeka kwa mpweya kapena kusintha kosayenera kwa dzenje lotulutsa mpweya, ndi phewa lofewa la botolo lotentha.
7 Kuyimirira kosayenerera (botolo lokhota) (LEANER)
Magwiridwe: Kupatuka pakati pa mzere wapakati wa pakamwa pa botolo ndi mzere wowongoka wa pansi pa botolo, chifukwa: kuziziritsa mkati mwa botolo lamoto sikokwanira, kuchititsa kuti botolo lotentha likhale lofewa kwambiri, ndipo botolo lotentha ndilokwanira. chopendekera ku mbali imodzi, kupangitsa icho kupatuka pakati ndi kupunduka.
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi maganizo anga, chonde ndikonzeni.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-28-2022